一种新型轨道交通电源的浪涌电流抑制电路设计
刘佳伟，席赫，徐文婧，侯欣延，王闯
(中车大连电力牵引研发中心有限公司研究院，辽宁 大连 116052)
摘 要：由于轨道交通领域对电源的抗电磁干扰要求较高，故在输入端装有容量较大的滤波电容，导致开机过程中产生较大的浪涌电流。通过分析浪涌电流的产生机理，结合现有典型电路存在的不足，设计了一种新型的基于 NTC 热敏电阻和 MOSFET 器件组合的浪涌电流抑制电路。该设计结合了两种器件的优势并规避了其不足，再通过仿真计算及试验验证了该电路抑制启动浪涌电流效果，能够将浪涌电流控制在额定电流的 3 倍以内，有效解决了轨道交通领域板级电源开机过程中浪涌电流较大的问题，具有较好的工程应用价值。
关键词： 滤波电容；浪涌电流；热敏电阻；MOSFET 器件
中图分类号：TN386.1 ；TN710.2 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1007-3175(2025)08-0020-04
Design of Surge Current Suppression Circuit for a New Type of
Rail Transit Power Supply
LIU Jia-wei, XI He, XU Wen-jing, HOU Xin-yan, WANG Chuang
（CRRC Dalian R&D Co., Ltd, Dalian 116052, China）
Abstract: Due to the high requirements for electromagnetic interference(EMI) resistance in the rail transit sector, large-capacity filter capacitors are installed at the input end, which consequently generates significant surge current during the startup process. By analyzing the mechanism of surge current generation and combining the shortcomings of existing typical circuits, a new surge current suppression circuit based on a combination of negative temperature coefficient(NTC) thermistors and MOSFET devices was designed. This design combines the advantages of both devices while avoiding their shortcomings. Through simulation calculations and experimental verification, the circuit's ability to suppress surge current during startup has been validated, with surge current controlled to within three times the rated current. This effectively addresses the issue of excessive inrush current during power-on in board-level power supplies for rail transit applications, demonstrating significant engineering application value.
Key words: filter capacitor; surge current; thermistor; MOSFET device
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